![]() 1.attach [əˈtætʃ] vt. 缚,系,贴,附加;使依恋,使喜爱;使附属;认为有 联想记忆
at(加强)+tach(接触)→系,贴,附加,我们写email时经常会添加附件,它的英语就是attachment(附属物)哦。attach是及物动词,它的固定搭配是attach A to B或A be attached to B,除了能表示附加、系、贴的意思外这个词组还能表示喜欢、迷恋的意思,比如形容恋人“亲密无间”就能表示成be deeply attached to each other。写作中比较常见的用法是attach great importance to...(认为...很重要),建议多用被动语态来替换上面的句子,能让考官眼前一亮。最后attach的反义词是detach(vt. 脱离、分离、拆开、派遣),搭配是detach A from B。 四级词频2;考频2:选词填空0、信息匹配1、阅读1 (2015.6信息匹配)Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's fromattaching toys to its food specials for children. 六级词频2;考频2:选词填空0、信息匹配1、阅读1 (2015.12信息匹配)Some elite university attach great importance to building up the first-generation students' self-confidence.
2. prejudice [ˈpredʒudis] n. 偏见,成见;损害,侵害 联想记忆
pre(预先)+jud(判断)+ice(表行为)→先入为主的判断,容易产生偏见,名著《傲慢与偏见》就叫Pride and Prejudice。这里重点讲一下几个表示偏见的词,分别是bias、prejudice、discrimination:bias所指的偏见一般包括较大的主观喜好因素,比如妈妈喜欢tom胜过jerry,所以对jerry有bias;而prejudice强调的是先入为主的看法和成见,比如《功夫》里有一句“看来,这位先生对戴眼镜的人士有很深的成见”,就该用prejudice;而discrimination的程度更重,如种族歧视racial discrimination、性别歧视gender discrimination等。最后再扩展一个表示平等、一视同仁的词indiscriminate,可以在议论文写作升华段中使用。
六级词频1;考频1:选词填空0、信息匹配0、阅读1 (2015.6仔细阅读)What does the author think of the ongoing debate around GM crops? A. It arises out of ignorance of and prejudice against new science. B. It distracts the public attention from other key issues of the world. C. Efforts spent on it should be turned to more urgent issues of agriculture. D. Neither side is likely to give in until more convincing evidence is found.
3. confuse [kənˈfjuːz] vt. 使困惑,把…弄糊涂;混淆,把…混同;混乱,搞乱 联想记忆
con(一起)+fuse(融和、融化)→融在一起→混淆,这里要记住词根fuse本身就是熔化的意思,fuse和它的名词fusion在科技类阅读文中很可能出现。confuse有两个固定搭配:confuse A with B意思是将A和B混淆、混为一谈;confuse about sth 表示对某事感到困惑不解。最后提醒大家区别confuse和Confusius,后者是孔子的唯一的对应英文,翻译中写成Kongzi是不得分的,二者拼写和发音都很相近,我们记住Confusius结尾多一个音节是因为孔子比较唠叨,这样就区分开了。
四级词频1;考频1:选词填空0、信息匹配1、阅读0 (2016.6信息匹配)Before we collectively tear our hair out-how we are supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing? 六级词频3;考频3:选词填空1、信息匹配1、阅读1 (2015.6仔细阅读)In this regard, there’s an argument against early decision, as students from lower-income families are far less likely to have the admissions know-how to navigate the often confusing early deadlines.
4. outlet [ˈautlet] n. 出口,出路;(感情、精力等)发泄途径(或方法);工厂店 联想记忆
let out(释放、发泄)→outlet(出口、发泄途径),国内的奥特莱斯商场、工厂店、出国必去的打折城都叫outlet哟。类似outlet这种构词法的还有很多,如outcome(结果、成果)、output(产出)、outcast(流浪者、被驱逐者)、outbreak(爆发)、outage(电力断供期)、outfit(装备)等等,大家见到时大可大胆的去猜测意思。 四级词频3;考频1:选词填空0、信息匹配1、阅读0 (2015.6信息匹配)These offerings are not necessarily loss-leaders, as they broaden the appeal of outlets to groups of diners that include some people who don't want to eat a burger.
5. orientation [ˌɔːriən'teiʃən] n. 方向,目标,方位;熟悉情况,适应,情况介绍 联想记忆
上周五monkey君写了一篇讨论新东方精神的文,同学们是否知道“新东方”的英语叫New Oriental呢?oriental(n.adj.)的意思就是东方(不能用于表示日常的方向)、东方的、东方人(亚洲人),学术上有一个分支叫“东方学”,就是 oriental studies。大家记住oriental这个词后,再来看他的词根orient(vt.adj),意思是标记方向、以...为参照、使向东方;然后就是今天学的名词orientation了,和它的词根不同,orientation没有“东方”的意思,作为方向讲也比较广义,我们谈恋爱、工作、学习的方向、目标都可以用它来表示。
六级词频1;考频1:选词填空0、信息匹配1、阅读0 (2015.12信息匹配)Students are placed in small groups with counselors (trained seniors on campus); they have access to cultural and ethnic affinity groups, tutoring centers and also have a summer orientation specifically for first-generation students (the latter being one of the most common programs for students).
6. ingredient [inˈɡriːdiənt] n.成分,(烹调的)原料;(构成)要素,因素 联想记忆
《功夫熊猫》里阿宝的厨师爸爸一直声称自己的面条里有神秘配方,对应的台词就是secret ingredient。ingredient强调的是某一种原料或成分,而非搭配方法本身,后边我们还会学习一个词叫recipe,这个词指的是才是严格意义上的食谱、配方。除了饮食方面的意思外,ingredient还有要素、因素的意思,可以替换factor,character,feature,trait等词用于写作中,不过对象尽量还是以人为主。
四级词频6;考频3:选词填空0、信息匹配3、阅读0 (2015.6信息匹配)But innovation, broadly defined, is the crucial ingredient in all economic progress-higher growth for nations, more competitive products for companies, and more prosperous careers for individuals. 六级词频3;考频2:选词填空1、信息匹配0、阅读1 (2015.6仔细阅读)I don’t think it's vital to label GM ingredients in food, but I also wouldn’t be against it--and industry would be smart to go along with labeling, just as a way of removing fears about the technology.
7. sheer [ʃiə] vi. 急转向,偏离 adj. 完全的,十足的;陡峭的,垂直的 adv. 垂直地,陡峭地 联想记忆
太陡峭了以至于连颤抖(shake)都被颤抖的说成sheer了。sheer作为动词急转、偏离的意思最早用在航海上,现在也偶尔用在驾驶其他交通工具的情况上,但很少考察。我们重点说它作为形容词和副词的意思,作为陡峭的、垂直的意思用的不多,但它作为“完全的”的意思却在写作中有奇效:sheer的“完全”很不严谨,它可以指pure的纯粹,可以指total的彻底,也可以指utmost的最大限度等等。比如我们常说的hard work前面就可以加个sheer,意思就从努力工作变成废寝忘食努力到吐血的工作了;常用的努力做某事pay effort to...如果变成pay sheer effort to,程度也能加强很多,而且比do one's best to这种低级的表达要能讨好阅卷老师的多。
四级词频1;考频1:选词填空1、信息匹配0、阅读0 (2015.6选词填空)For one, the sheer number of hours we pass watching TV dwarfs the time we spend on anything else.
8. recipe ['resipi] n. 烹饪法,食谱;方法,秘诀,诀窍 联想记忆
recipe源自拉丁文的recipe,意思是“请取(处方)”,英文里的recept和reception其实都是从recipe衍生出来的。如果今晚回家麻麻跟你说“快来尝尝我新研究的菜”,其实就可以翻译成 my new recipe。前面说了,recipe强调的是一套完整的食谱、料理方案,而ingredient只是这个方案中加入的某一个原料或者元素。recipe除了指烹饪的方法外,还可以口头上指医生开的的方子,不过医疗处方最正规的叫法还是prescription哦。最后,recipe还有秘诀、诀窍、应对(通常是不好的事情)方法的意思,可以在写作中适当替换plan、solution、answer、method等词。
四级词频2;考频1:选词填空0、信息匹配1、阅读0 (2015.12信息匹配)There are plenty of recipes, how-to videos and cooking classes available to anyone who has a computer, smartphone or television. 六级词频1;考频1:选词填空0、信息匹配0、阅读1 (2015.6仔细阅读)As we know, rapid deforestation combined with the massive burning of fossil fuels is an explosive recipe for an irreversible disaster.
9. provoke [prəˈvəuk] vt. 对…挑衅,激怒;激起,引起 联想记忆
pro(在前)+voke(唤醒)→在某人前面唤醒→激怒,煽动,词根voke我们可以从awake开始记,都是激发、唤醒的意思。provoke除了可以指程度比较严重的挑衅,如挑衅军方战斗机等的意思外,还有激起、引起(负面效果)的意思,可以很好地替换result in、lead to、cause sbd to do sth等。相同词根的词还有evoke,意思是唤起、产生、引起,程度不如provoke激烈,而且引发的事情不一定是负面的东西;invoke,祈求、援引...的话,dota里的卡尔(召唤师)就叫invoker,法师们念咒文的时候都要引用现成的话,所以invoke也有“援引”的意思;最后是revoke,意思是取消、撤回,这个词可以和invoke一起记,召唤到一半,法师后悔了,就要重新念咒(revoke)来取消、撤回之前召唤雷公电母的行为。
六级词频1;考频1:选词填空0、信息匹配0、阅读1 (2016.6仔细阅读)52. What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment? A) Self-evident. B) Thought-provoking. C) Irrational. D) Groundless.
10. stabilize ['steibilaiz] v.(使)稳定,(使)稳固 联想记忆
stab(stable稳定的)+ilize(使)→使稳定,很多同学不知道的是,它的词根stable其实是有名词词性的,意思是“马厩”,我们也可以理解成是让天天奔跑的马儿稳定、安定下来的场所。和stable各种意义上都非常像的一个词是staple,它的名词意思是订书器、主食、主要产品,形容词意思是最主要的,我们可以记个句子:The supplement of the staple food needs to be stable. “主要食品的供应需要保持稳定”。stable的其他衍生词也很很实用,如stability稳定性、stabilizer稳定器等。
四级词频1;考频1:选词填空0、信息匹配1、阅读0 (2016.6信息匹配)We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the world’s population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils. 六级词频1;考频1:选词填空0、信息匹配0、阅读1 (2015.6仔细阅读)Yellen is likely to address the issue tight after she pushes unemployment below 6%, stabilizes markets and makes sure that the recovery is more inclusive and robust.
来源:新东方在线四六级 |